We previously looked at a fantastic tool for routing and firewalling, but we thought we need to do it one better. Seeing as we are Raspberry Pi enthusiasts, we decided we need to at least attempt to run OPNSense on a Raspberry Pi. Well, today we have a look at the pros, cons and setup, but first, a quick recap on OPNSense.
Introduction to OPNSense
OPNSense is a powerful, open-source firewall and router software built on FreeBSD. It’s packed with features like VPN support, intrusion detection, traffic shaping, and advanced monitoring tools. OPNSense provides robust control over your network and is a popular choice for home enthusiasts and professionals looking for advanced networking capabilities without the high cost of commercial hardware.
Why Run a Separate Router on Your Network?
Most households rely on the routers provided by their ISPs or basic consumer-grade routers. While these work fine for many, they lack advanced features and customization options. Running a separate device as a router offers:
- Enhanced Security: Advanced firewall settings and intrusion detection.
- Better Network Control: Manage bandwidth, set up VPNs, and monitor traffic.
- Learning Experience: Ideal for tech enthusiasts wanting to learn about networking.
- Cost-Effectiveness: Leverage a Raspberry Pi for a powerful, low-cost solution.
Benefits of Using a Raspberry Pi for OPNSense
- Affordability: Raspberry Pi is much cheaper than commercial routers.
- Compactness: Small form factor, perfect for tight spaces.
- Flexibility: Easy to repurpose for other projects if needed.
- Community Support: Extensive guides and forums available for troubleshooting.
Step-by-Step Guide to Installing OPNSense on a Raspberry Pi
Step 1: Gather Your Hardware
- A Raspberry Pi 4 (recommended for better performance).
- A microSD card (32GB or larger).
- USB-to-Ethernet adapter (since the Pi has only one Ethernet port).
- Power supply for the Raspberry Pi.
- A computer to prepare the installation media.
Step 2: Download and Prepare OPNSense
- Visit the OPNSense website and download the ARM-compatible version.
- Use an image-writing tool like Balena Etcher to flash the OPNSense image onto your microSD card.
- Insert the microSD card into the Raspberry Pi.
Step 3: Connect the Raspberry Pi
- Connect the Raspberry Pi to your modem via the built-in Ethernet port (WAN connection).
- Connect your USB-to-Ethernet adapter to the Raspberry Pi and to a network switch or directly to a computer (LAN connection).
Step 4: Power On and Configure OPNSense
- Power on the Raspberry Pi and wait for it to boot.
- Use a web browser to access the OPNSense web interface. By default, it’s usually available at
192.168.1.1. - Log in with the default credentials (username:
admin, password:opnsense). - Follow the setup wizard to configure basic settings like time zone, WAN/LAN settings, and admin password.
Step 5: Customize and Secure Your Network
- Set up firewall rules to secure your network.
- Enable features like VPN for remote access.
- Configure traffic monitoring tools to track usage.
Considerations When Running OPNSense on a Raspberry Pi
- Performance Limitations: The Raspberry Pi’s hardware may struggle with high-speed internet connections or heavy network loads. A Raspberry Pi 4 is recommended for optimal performance.
- Ethernet Ports: The Pi has only one Ethernet port, so you’ll need a USB-to-Ethernet adapter to create a LAN connection.
- Power Supply: Ensure a stable power supply to avoid unexpected shutdowns.
- Thermal Management: Consider a case with active cooling, as the Pi can overheat under heavy load.
- Storage: Use a high-quality microSD card to prevent corruption and improve longevity.
Conclusion
Using a Raspberry Pi as a router with OPNSense is an excellent way to enhance your home network’s capabilities. It’s affordable, compact, and a fantastic learning opportunity for networking enthusiasts. While there are limitations in performance compared to dedicated hardware, careful setup and consideration can make this a powerful addition to your network. Whether you’re looking for better security, more control, or a fun project, OPNSense on a Raspberry Pi is worth exploring.
Visit the official OPNSense Website
